BARLEY 20 December 2023 Barley (Hordeum vulgare), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago. Globally 70% of barley production is used as animal fodder, while 30% as a source of fermentable material for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component of various foods. It is used in
Flax (Linum Usitatissimum) 19 December 2023 Flax is a food crop, being considered as a fiber. In turn, flax seeds are a good source of dietary fiber and omega-3 fatty acids, including alpha-linolenic acid. Flaxseeds also contain phytoestrogens that are similar to the hormone estrogen. When consumed before a meal, flaxseed appears to help reduce hunger, a method used in weight
LENTILS 19 December 2023 Lentil is an annual plant that has pods similar to beans and peas but smaller, where we find on average 2 seeds that can be of different colors (orange, dark green or brown). Since it germinates at low temperatures, lentils are sown in early spring, at the same time as peas. Sowing is done as
BROWN MUSTARD – BRASSICA JUNCEA 19 December 2023 Other names: Indian mustard Part used: Seeds (1 - 2 mm diameter), dark brown. The leaves and stems are also edible. Plant family: Brassicaceae (cabbage family). Brown mustard is a larger plant than white mustard, reaching 1 m in height. Its leaves are broad and rounded at the base, tapering towards the tip. The flowers
Oat 30 January 2019 Oat (Avena sativa), sometimes called the common oat, is a species of cereal grain grown for its seed. It contains easily assimilable protein, fat, vitamins (vitamin E). While oats are suitable for human consumption as oatmeal and rolled oats, one of the most common uses is as livestock feed. Oats are a nutrient-rich food associated
Buckwheat 30 January 2019 Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a plant species of the genus Fagopyrum, the family Polygonaceae. Herbaceous plant with a height of 20-60 cm. Is a plant cultivated for its grain-like seeds and as a cover crop. Because its seeds are rich in complex carbohydrates, it is referred to as a pseudocereal. It has a high biological
Sorghum 30 January 2019 Sorghum (Sorghum) is a genus of flowering plants in the grass family Poaceae. One species is grown for grain, while many others are used as fodder plants, either cultivated in warm climates worldwide or naturalized, in pasturelands. Sorghum is in the subfamily Panicoideae and the tribe Andropogoneae (the tribe of big bluestemand sugarcane).
Bean 30 January 2019 Phaseolus vulgaris (Phaseolus vulgaris), also known as the common bean, green bean and French bean, among other names, is a herbaceous annual plant grown worldwide for its edible dry seeds or unripe fruit (both commonly called beans). Its leaf is also occasionally used as a vegetable and the straw as fodder. Its botanical classification, along
Alfalfa 30 January 2019 Alfalfa (Medicago sativa), also called lucerne is a perennial flowering plant in the legume family Fabaceae. It is cultivated as an important forage crop in many countries around. It is also valuable for the fact that much of the nitrogen requirement fixes it from the symbiotic hearth air through the roots, enriching the soil with
Soybean 30 January 2019 Soybean (Glycine max) is a plant of the leguminous family, the Faboideae subfamily. It is a valuable crop as its composition combines a very high amount of protein an average of 40% and of oil 20%. Soybean proteins are rich in essential amino acids. In addition, soybean contains vitamin B complex, beta-carotene and is rich
Sunflower 30 January 2019 Helianthus annuus, the common sunflower, is a large annual forb of the genus Helianthus grown as a crop for its edible oil and edible fruits. This sunflower species is also used as wild bird food, as livestock forage (as a meal or a silage plant), in some industrial applications, and as an ornamental in domestic
Chickpeas 30 January 2019 Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum) is an annual legume of the family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. Chickpea seeds are high in protein. It is one of the earliest cultivated legumes and 7500-year-old remains have been found in the Middle East. Chickpea is a key ingredient in hummus, chana masala, and can be ground into flour and made into
White mustard 29 January 2019 White mustard (Sinapis alba) is an annual plant of the family Brassicaceae. It is sometimes also referred to as Brassica alba or B. hirta. Grown for its seeds, mustard, as fodder crop or as a green manure, it is now widespread worldwide, although it probably originated in the Mediterranean region.
Peas 29 January 2019 Peas (Pisum sativum) is part of the family of legumes (Fabaceae), being dicotyledonous. Most commonly is the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas, which can be green or yellow. Pea pods are botanically fruit, since they contain seeds and develop from the ovary of
Rye 29 January 2019 Rye (Secale cereale) is a grass grown extensively as a grain, a cover crop and a forage crop. It is a member of the wheat tribe (Triticeae) and is closely related to barley (genus Hordeum) and wheat (Triticum). Rye grain is used for flour, bread, beer, crisp bread, some whiskeys, some vodkas, and animal fodder.
Maize 29 January 2019 Maize (Zea mays), also known as corn, is a cereal grain cultivated today in many regions of the world as a food, industrial and forage plant, represents alongside wheat 80% of cereal production. The leafy stalk of the plant produces pollen inflorescences and separate ovuliferous inflorescences called ears that yield kernels or seeds, which are
Einkorn wheat 29 January 2019 Einkorn wheat (from German Einkorn, literally “single grain”) can refer either to the wild species of wheat, Triticum boeoticum, or to the domesticated form, Triticum monococcum. The wild and domesticated forms are either considered separate species, as here, or as subspecies: Triticum monococcum subsp. boeoticum (wild) and T. monococcum subsp. monococcum (domesticated). Einkorn is a
Spelt 29 January 2019 Spelt (Triticum spelta), also known as dinkel wheat or hulled wheat, is an ancestor of common wheat and has a special taste, similar to walnut. This wheat is made up of a brilliant combination of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, essential fatty acids and a high content of albumin and fiber. It has a protein content 6
Wheat 25 January 2019 Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a worldwide staple food. The many species of wheat together make up the genus Triticum; the most widely grown is common wheat (T. aestivum). Wheat is grown on more land area than any other food crop.World trade in wheat
